California has some of the strictest animal welfare laws in the country, especially when it comes to tethering or chaining dogs outdoors. If you’re a pet owner in the state, it’s crucial to understand what the law allows—and what it prohibits—when it comes to leaving your dog chained outside.
What Does California Law Say About Chaining Dogs?
California Health and Safety Code Section 122335, also known as the “tethering law,” makes it illegal to tether, chain, fasten, tie, or restrain a dog to a stationary object—such as a doghouse, tree, or fence—for more than three hours in a 24-hour period. This law was enacted to protect dogs from neglect, health risks, and behavioral problems associated with long-term restraint.
Key Provisions of the Tethering Law
Time Limit: You cannot leave your dog chained or tethered to a stationary object for more than three hours in any 24-hour period.
Types of Restraints: The law covers all forms of stationary restraint, including chains, ropes, and cables.
Running Lines and Trolley Systems: Tethering is permitted if the dog is attached to a running line, pulley, or trolley system that allows the animal to move freely over a larger area. However, using a choke or pinch collar for this purpose is prohibited.
Short-Term Exceptions: Temporary tethering is allowed if it is necessary for the owner to complete a short-term task, such as cleaning or repairs, but this period must be less than three hours.
Special Circumstances: The law allows exceptions for dogs temporarily restrained in campgrounds, recreational areas, or while engaged in agricultural activities like herding livestock.
Penalties for Violating the Law
Violating the tethering law can result in either an infraction or a misdemeanor, depending on the circumstances and the discretion of law enforcement:
Infraction: Up to $250 fine per dog unlawfully tethered.
Misdemeanor: Up to $1,000 fine and/or up to six months in county jail per offense.
In some cases, animal control may issue a warning and require the owner to correct the violation, unless the animal’s health or safety is at risk.
Why Is Long-Term Tethering Banned?
Long-term chaining or tethering can cause significant harm to dogs, including:
- Physical injuries such as embedded collars, strangulation, or infections
- Psychological distress leading to anxiety, aggression, and behavioral problems
- Increased risk of bites—studies show chained dogs are more likely to bite than unchained dogs
The law reflects growing awareness that dogs are social animals who need interaction, exercise, and proper care to thrive.
Legal Defenses and Exceptions
There are a few legal defenses and exceptions to the law, such as:
- The use of a running line, pulley, or trolley system (without a choke or pinch collar)
- Temporary restraint for less than three hours for a specific task
- Tethering in connection with agricultural work or in designated recreational areas
Conclusion
In California, it is illegal to leave your dog chained or tethered to a stationary object outside for more than three hours in a 24-hour period. The law is designed to protect dogs from neglect and harm, while still allowing for reasonable, temporary restraint when necessary. Violations can result in hefty fines and even jail time. If you need to restrain your dog outdoors, always ensure you comply with the law and prioritize your pet’s well-being.
Source:
[1] https://www.laanimalservices.com/chained-dog-tethering-laws
[2] https://ivhsspca.org/roaming/
[3] https://www.animallaw.info/statute/ca-dog-tether-%C2%A7-122335-animal-control%C2%94-%C2%93agricultural-operation%C2%94-%C2%93person%C2%94-and-%C2%93reasonable
[4] https://www.losangelescriminallawyer.pro/california-health-and-safety-code-section-122335-hsc-unlawful-te.html
[5] https://www.maderacounty.com/government/animal-services/resources/unchain-your-dog
[6] https://www.shouselaw.com/ca/defense/health-and-safety-code/122335/
[7] https://morganhilltimes.com/anti-chaining-law-becomes-effective-jan-1/
[8] https://www.stanislausanimalservices.com/pdf/Anti-Chaining.pdf
[9] http://www.sbcounty.gov/uploads/DPH/ACC/acc-site-docs/Tethering.pdf
[10] https://monocounty.ca.gov/animal/page/anti-tethering-law
[11] https://legal-info.lawyers.com/criminal/animal-law/animal-cruelty-laws-in-california.html